Non-coeliac gluten sensitivity requires standardized diagnostic approaches and challenge protocols to ensure methodological rigor.

[Correspondence] Non-coeliac gluten sensitivity: rethinking challenge studies – Author's reply www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(26)00591-X/fulltext?rss=yes I thank Armin Alaedini and colleagues for their Correspondence and for reinforcing the need for methodological rigour in challenge studies of non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS).

[Correspondence] Non-coeliac gluten sensitivity: rethinking challenge studies www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(26)00260-6/fulltext?rss=yes Jessica R Biesiekierski and colleagues1 provide a timely and comprehensive review of non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), emphasising substantial heterogeneity in diagnostic approaches, challenge protocols, and symptom assessment. The authors conclude…